user?s manual target devices v850 series tm target real-time os rx850 ver. 3.13 or later rx850 pro ver. 3.13 or later az850 ver. 3.10 system performance analyzer document no. u14410ej4v0um00 (4th edition) date published june 2002 n cp(k) printed in japan 1999, 2000
user's manual u14410ej4v0um 2 [memo]
user's manual u14410ej4v0um 3 v800 series, v850 series, v851, v852, v853, v854, v850/sa1, v850/sb1, v850/sb2, v850/sf1, v850/sv1, v850e/ms1, v850e/ma1, v850e/ma2, v850e/ms2, and v850e/ia1 are trademarks of nec corporation. windows and windows nt are either registered trademarks or trademarks of microsoft corporation in the united states and/or other countries. pc/at is a trademark of international business machines corporation. green hills software is a trademark of green hills software, inc.
user's manual u14410ej4v0um 4 the export of this product from japan is regulated by the japanese government. to export this product may be prohibited without governmental license, the need for which must be judged by the customer. the export or re-export of this product from a country other than japan may also be prohibited without a license from that country. please call an nec sales representative. m8e 00. 4 the information in this document is current as of may, 2002. the information is subject to change without notice. for actual design-in, refer to the latest publications of nec's data sheets or data books, etc., for the most up-to-date specifications of nec semiconductor products. not all products and/or types are available in every country. please check with an nec sales representative for availability and additional information. no part of this document may be copied or reproduced in any form or by any means without prior written consent of nec. nec assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document. nec does not assume any liability for infringement of patents, copyrights or other intellectual property rights of third parties by or arising from the use of nec semiconductor products listed in this document or any other liability arising from the use of such products. no license, express, implied or otherwise, is granted under any patents, copyrights or other intellectual property rights of nec or others. descriptions of circuits, software and other related information in this document are provided for illustrative purposes in semiconductor product operation and application examples. the incorporation of these circuits, software and information in the design of customer's equipment shall be done under the full responsibility of customer. nec assumes no responsibility for any losses incurred by customers or third parties arising from the use of these circuits, software and information. while nec endeavours to enhance the quality, reliability and safety of nec semiconductor products, customers agree and acknowledge that the possibility of defects thereof cannot be eliminated entirely. to minimize risks of damage to property or injury (including death) to persons arising from defects in nec semiconductor products, customers must incorporate sufficient safety measures in their design, such as redundancy, fire-containment, and anti-failure features. nec semiconductor products are classified into the following three quality grades: "standard", "special" and "specific". the "specific" quality grade applies only to semiconductor products developed based on a customer-designated "quality assurance program" for a specific application. the recommended applications of a semiconductor product depend on its quality grade, as indicated below. customers must check the quality grade of each semiconductor product before using it in a particular application. "standard": computers, office equipment, communications equipment, test and measurement equipment, audio and visual equipment, home electronic appliances, machine tools, personal electronic equipment and industrial robots "special": transportation equipment (automobiles, trains, ships, etc.), traffic control systems, anti-disaster systems, anti-crime systems, safety equipment and medical equipment (not specifically designed for life support) "specific": aircraft, aerospace equipment, submersible repeaters, nuclear reactor control systems, life support systems and medical equipment for life support, etc. the quality grade of nec semiconductor products is "standard" unless otherwise expressly specified in nec's data sheets or data books, etc. if customers wish to use nec semiconductor products in applications not intended by nec, they must contact an nec sales representative in advance to determine nec's willingness to support a given application. (note) (1) "nec" as used in this statement means nec corporation and also includes its majority-owned subsidiaries. (2) "nec semiconductor products" means any semiconductor product developed or manufactured by or for nec (as defined above). ? ? ? ? ? ?
user's manual u14410ej4v0um 5 regional information some information contained in this document may vary from country to country. before using any nec product in your application, piease contact the nec office in your country to obtain a list of authorized representatives and distributors. they will verify: ? device availability ? ordering information ? product release schedule ? availability of related technical literature ? development environment specifications (for example, specifications for third-party tools and components, host computers, power plugs, ac supply voltages, and so forth) ? network requirements in addition, trademarks, registered trademarks, export restrictions, and other legal issues may also vary from country to country. nec electronics inc. (u.s.) santa clara, california tel: 408-588-6000 800-366-9782 fax: 408-588-6130 800-729-9288 nec electronics hong kong ltd. hong kong tel: 2886-9318 fax: 2886-9022/9044 nec electronics hong kong ltd. seoul branch seoul, korea tel: 02-528-0303 fax: 02-528-4411 nec electronics shanghai, ltd. shanghai, p.r. china tel: 021-6841-1138 fax: 021-6841-1137 nec electronics taiwan ltd. taipei, taiwan tel: 02-2719-2377 fax: 02-2719-5951 nec electronics singapore pte. ltd. novena square, singapore tel: 253-8311 fax: 250-3583 nec do brasil s.a. electron devices division guarulhos-sp, brasil tel: 11-6462-6810 fax: 11-6462-6829 j02.4 nec electronics (europe) gmbh duesseldorf, germany tel: 0211-65 03 01 fax: 0211-65 03 327 sucursal en espa ? a madrid, spain tel: 091-504 27 87 fax: 091-504 28 60 v?lizy-villacoublay, france tel: 01-30-67 58 00 fax: 01-30-67 58 99 succursale fran ? aise filiale italiana milano, italy tel: 02-66 75 41 fax: 02-66 75 42 99 branch the netherlands eindhoven, the netherlands tel: 040-244 58 45 fax: 040-244 45 80 branch sweden taeby, sweden tel: 08-63 80 820 fax: 08-63 80 388 united kingdom branch milton keynes, uk tel: 01908-691-133 fax: 01908-670-290
user's manual u14410ej4v0um 6 major revisions in this edition page description throughout ? modification of az850 version to ver. 3.10 ? modification from v850 family to v850 series p.17 modification of description in 1.4 operating environment p.18 modification of installation procedure in 2.1 installation procedure pp.19, 20 change of name of file for az monitor creation in 2.2 directory configuration p.21 modification of uninstallation procedure in 2.3 uninstallation procedure pp.23, 27 to 30 3.1 az850 operation procedure ? modification and addition of screen diagram and description for the following windows and dialog boxes (4) perform settings in az option dialog box, (11) perform check using cpu window, (12) perform check using pattern window, (13) perform check using trace view window, (14) perform check using call graph window pp.56 to 61, 65, 66, 69, 70, 76, 80 to 83, 86 to 88, 90, 92, 95 to 98, 100, 103 to 106, 109, 111, 113, 115, 129, 132, 157, 164, 166 6.3 description of windows and dialog boxes ? modification of description on the following windows and dialog boxes az main window, az option dialog box, analyze window [task level], object select dialog box [task level], pattern search dialog box [task level], cpu window [task level], pattern set dialog box [task level], pattern window [task level], trace view window [task level], trace search dialog box [task level], analyze window [function level], pattern search dialog box [function level], object select dialog box [function level], trace search dialog box [function level], function search dialog box [function level], function detail information dialog box [function level] p.167 appendix a debugging method using az850 modification of description in (4) settings in dialog box pp.170 to 172 appendix b error message list ? addition of error messages (error numbers 1040, 1500, and 1700) ? deletion of error message (error number 1020) ? overall correction of description on other error messages the mark shows major revised points.
user's manual u14410ej4v0um 7 introduction target readers this manual is intended for users who wish to design and develop application systems using the v850 series tm . purpose this manual?s purpose is to help the user understand the functions and the operation method of the az850. organization this manual is organized as follows. ? outline ? instructions ? operation method ? trace form ? trace data ? window reference how to use this manual this manual assumes that the reader has general knowledge of microcontrollers, c language, assembly language, and debugging as well as basic knowledge of the windows operation method. to learn about the hardware functions and instruction functions of the v850 series: read the user?s manual for each product. ?rtos? is used as the representative product name in descriptions that are the same for the rx850 and the rx850 pro. if using the rx850, read ?rtos? as ?rx850,? and if using the rx850 pro, read ?rtos? as ?rx850 pro.? conventions < >: indicates a window or dialog box title. [ ]: indicates a menu. text : indicates a button in a window or dialog box. << >>: indicates a character string displayed in a window or dialog box. data significance: higher digits on the left and lower digits on the right memory map addresses: higher addresses on the top and lower addresses on the bottom active low representation: xxx (overscore over pin or signal name) note : footnote for item marked with note in the text caution : information requiring particular attention numerical representation: binary...xxxx or xxxxb decimal...xxxx hexadecimal...0xxxxx prefix indicating power of 2 (address space, memory capacity) k (kilo) 2 10 = 1024 m (mega) 2 20 = 1024 2
user's manual u14410ej4v0um 8 related documents please use the following documents in conjunction with this manual. the related documents listed below may include preliminary versions. however, preliminary versions are not marked as such. documents related to v850 series development tools (user?s manuals) document name document number ie-703002-mc (in-circuit emulator for v853 tm , v850/sa1 tm , v850/sb1 tm , v850/sb2 tm , v850/sf1 tm , v850/sv1 tm ) u11595e ie-v850e-mc (in-circuit emulator for v850e/ia1 tm , v850e/ia2 tm ), ie-v850e-mc-a (in-circuit emulator for v850e/ma1 tm , v850e/ma2 tm ) u14487e ie-703003-mc-em1 (in-circuit emulator option board for v853) u11596e ie-703017-mc-em1 (in-circuit emulator option board for v850/sa1) u12898e ie-703037-mc-em1 (in-circuit emulator option board for v850/sb1, v850/sb2) u14151e ie-703040-mc-em1 (in-circuit emulator option board for v850/sv1) u14337e ie-703079-mc-em1 (in-circuit emulator option board for v850/sf1) u15447e ie-703102-mc (in-circuit emulator for v850e/ms1 tm ) u13875e ie-703102-mc-em1, ie-703102-mc-em1-a (in-circuit emulator option board for v850e/ms1) u13876e ie-703107-mc-em1 (in-circuit emulator option board for v850e/ma1) u14481e ie-703116-mc-em1 (in-circuit emulator option board for v850e/ia1) u14700e operation to be prepared c language u16054e pm plus to be prepared ca850 ver.2.50 c compiler package assembly language u16042e id850 ver. 2.40 integrated debugger operation windows based u15181e sm850 ver. 2.40 system simulator operation windows based u15182e sm850 ver. 2.00 or later system simulator external part user open interface specifications u14873e basics u13430e installation u13410e rx850 ver. 3.13 or later real-time os technical u13431e basics u13773e installation u13774e rx850 pro ver. 3.13 real-time os technical u13772e rd850 ver. 3.01 task debugger u13737e rd850 pro ver. 3.01 task debugger u13916e az850 ver. 3.10 system performance analyzer this manual pg-fp4 flash memory programmer u15260e
user's manual u14410ej4v0um 9 contents chapter 1 outline ............................................................................................................. .......... 13 1.1 outline..................................................................................................................... ............... 13 1.2 functions and features...................................................................................................... .. 14 1.3 system configuration........................................................................................................ ... 15 1.3.1 when using debug monitor .................................................................................................. .......15 1.3.2 when using rom emulator................................................................................................... ......15 1.3.3 when using in-circuit emulator............................................................................................ ........16 1.3.4 when using simulator ...................................................................................................... ...........16 1.4 operating environment ....................................................................................................... .17 chapter 2 installation........................................................................................................ ..... 18 2.1 installation procedure ...................................................................................................... .... 18 2.2 directory configuration..................................................................................................... ... 19 2.2.1 nec compiler version .................................................................................................... ..............19 2.2.2 ghs compiler version .................................................................................................... ..............20 2.3 uninstallation procedure.................................................................................................... .. 21 chapter 3 operation method ................................................................................................ 22 3.1 az850 operation procedure................................................................................................. 22 chapter 4 trace forms........................................................................................................ .... 31 4.1 soft trace form............................................................................................................. ........ 32 4.1.1 monitor program (az monitor) creation flow.............................................................................. ...32 4.1.2 creating user own coding block .......................................................................................... .........33 4.1.3 creating az monitor ..................................................................................................... ................36 4.1.4 initializing az monitor................................................................................................. ..................37 4.1.5 definition of az monitor sections ....................................................................................... ..........38 4.1.6 az monitor embedding method ............................................................................................. .......39 4.2 hard trace form ............................................................................................................. ...... 40 4.2.1 in case of task-level trace using rx850/rx850 pro ....................................................................40 4.2.2 in case of function-level trace ......................................................................................... .............41 4.3 trace memory ................................................................................................................ ........ 44 chapter 5 trace data......................................................................................................... ...... 45 5.1 az trace data detection contents ...................................................................................... 45 5.2 debugging possible with az850.......................................................................................... 47 chapter 6 window reference ............................................................................................... 49 6.1 outline of windows and dialog boxes of az850 ............................................................... 49 6.2 relationships among az850 windows and dialog boxes ............................................... 51 6.3 description of windows and dialog boxes........................................................................ 52 appendix a debugging method using az850 ................................................................. 167 appendix b error message list.......................................................................................... 170 appendix c index.............................................................................................................. ........... 173 appendix d revision history ................................................................................................. 17 6
user's manual u14410ej4v0um 10 list of figures (1/2) figure no. title page 1-1 system configuration diagram (when using debug monitor)..................................................................15 1-2 system configuration diagram (when using rom emulator)..................................................................15 1-3 system configuration diagram (when using in-circuit emulator) ...........................................................16 1-4 system configuration example (when using simulator)......................................................................... .16 2-1 directory configuration (nec compiler version).............................................................................. ........19 2-2 directory configuration (ghs compiler version).............................................................................. ........20 3-1 az main window.............................................................................................................. .........................22 4-1 user own coding block (azusr.s/azusr.850) sample ............................................................................ ...33 4-2 timer counter operation example (in case of up counter) ....................................................................3 4 4-3 az monitor initialization description example............................................................................... ............37 4-4 example of description when using nec?s ca850 ............................................................................... ..38 4-5 example of description when using ghs?s ccv850/ccv850e..............................................................38 4-6 assembly language description example ....................................................................................... ........42 6-1 relationships among windows and dialog boxes of az850....................................................................51 6-2 az main window.............................................................................................................. .........................53 6-3 az option dialog box ........................................................................................................ .......................59 6-4 file select dialog box (open)............................................................................................... ....................62 6-5 analyze window (task level)................................................................................................. ..................66 6-6 analyze window (task level) (vertical line delete mode) ..................................................................... .71 6-7 analyze window (task level) (standard mode)................................................................................. ......72 6-8 analyze window (task level) (detailed mode) ................................................................................. .......73 6-9 object select dialog box (task level) ....................................................................................... ..............80 6-10 pattern search dialog box (task level)..................................................................................... ..............83 6-11 cpu window (task level).................................................................................................... ....................87 6-12 pattern set dialog box (task level)........................................................................................ .................92 6-13 pattern window (task level)................................................................................................ ....................97 6-14 pattern distribution viewing method (task level) ........................................................................... .........99 6-15 trace view window (task level) ............................................................................................. ..............103 6-16 az trace data viewing method (task level) .................................................................................. .......106 6-17 trace search dialog box (task level) ....................................................................................... ............109 6-18 trace search setting example (when searching task1 task) ............................................................110 6-19 trace search setting example (when searching locations for which task1 task has issued sta_tsk system call).......................................................................111 6-20 trace search setting example (when searching locations for which task1 task has issued sta_tsk system call to task2 task) ..............................................................111 6-21 analyze window (function level)............................................................................................ ...............112 6-22 analyze window (function level) (vertical line delete mode) ..............................................................11 6 6-23 analyze window (function level) (standard mode)............................................................................ ...116 6-24 analyze window (function level) (detailed mode) ............................................................................ ....117
user's manual u14410ej4v0um 11 list of figures (2/2) figure no. title page 6-25 measurement select dialog box (function level)............................................................................. ..... 124 6-26 pattern search dialog box (function level)................................................................................. .......... 127 6-27 object select dialog box (function level) .................................................................................. ........... 130 6-28 cpu window (function level)................................................................................................ ................ 133 6-29 pattern set dialog box (function level).................................................................................... ............. 140 6-30 pattern window (function level)............................................................................................ ................ 144 6-31 trace view window (function level) ......................................................................................... ............ 150 6-32 az trace data viewing method (function level) .............................................................................. ..... 152 6-33 trace search dialog box (function level) ................................................................................... .......... 155 6-34 when searching location where function ?_main? was executed....................................................... 156 6-35 when searching location where function ?_main? was called............................................................ 156 6-36 when searching location where function ?_main? executes i/o output to ?pm0? ............................... 157 6-37 call graph window (function level) ......................................................................................... ............. 158 6-38 standard mode (function level) ............................................................................................. ............... 159 6-39 total mode (function level) ................................................................................................ ................... 160 6-40 function search dialog box (function level) ................................................................................ ........ 163 6-41 function detail information dialog box (function level).................................................................... .... 165
user's manual u14410ej4v0um 12 list of tables table no. title page 4-1 relationship between trace form and debugging environment .............................................................31 5-1 detectable contents in case of task trace ................................................................................... ..........45 5-2 detectable contents in case of function trace ............................................................................... ........46 6-1 list of windows and dialog boxes of az850 ................................................................................... .........49 6-2 display file types and extensions ........................................................................................... ................63 6-3 list of marks on execution transition diagram (task level) (when rx850 embedded).........................73 6-4 list of marks on execution transition diagram (task level) (when rx850 pro embedded) ..................74 6-5 pattern search modes (task level) ........................................................................................... ..............84 6-6 pattern search conditions (task level) (when task switch is specified as search mode) ...................84 6-7 pattern search conditions (task level) (when system call (call, return, error) is specified as search mode) ...................................................85 6-8 pattern modes (task level).................................................................................................. ....................93 6-9 pattern conditions (task level) (when task switch is specified as search mode)................................93 6-10 pattern conditions (task level) (when ?system call (call, return, error) is specified as search mode)..................................................94 6-11 list of marks on execution transition diagram (function level)............................................................1 17 6-12 pattern search modes (function level) ...................................................................................... ...........128 6-13 pattern search conditions (function level) (when function call is specified as search mode)..........128 6-14 pattern search conditions (function level) (when function return is specified as search mode) .....128 6-15 pattern search conditions (function level) (when interrupt is specified as search mode) .................129 6-16 pattern search conditions (function level) (when interrupt return is specified as search mode)......129 6-17 pattern search conditions (function level) (when i/o access is specified as search mode) .............129 6-18 pattern modes (function level)............................................................................................. .................141
user's manual u14410ej4v0um 13 chapter 1 outline 1.1 outline as microprocessors become increasingly more powerful and sophisticated, user programs are also growing larger and more complex. although logic debugging of such user programs can easily be done with a conventional debugger, correcting bugs due to processing timing and performing time-related analysis such as total-system evaluation become very time consuming operations. in response to these market conditions, nec developed the v850 series, which is a powerful family of microprocessors included in the v800 series tm , and has now developed and released the az850 system performance analyzer, which is designed to support quantitative performance analysis of user programs. the az850 is a performance analysis tool for analyzing the execution transition status for applications created for the v850 series and applications that embed the rx850 or rx850 pro real-time os for the v850 series. by using the az850 with a debugger, it is possible to trace the occurrence of events (system calls, interrupts, etc.) and represent this data in a graphical format. the use of these functions enables easy analysis of the execution transition status of functions and tasks, as well as the status of access to various objects such as event flags and semaphores, which are functions of real-time oss. the specifications of the az850 conform to the tool interface protocol ( tip ), and as long as a debugger (even one not made by nec) that supports this interface is used, the functions of the az850 can easily be used.
chapter 1 outline user's manual u14410ej4v0um 14 1.2 functions and features the functions and features of the az850 are described below. ? graphical display of task execution transition status by displaying the execution transition status for tasks and interrupts (horizontal axis = time, vertical axis = function name/task name, etc.), system status changes caused by function call/recovery, task switching, the occurrence of interrupts, etc., can easily be analyzed. since the status of access to each object as the result of the issue of system calls is displayed in symbol form, the transition of functions, the task execution sequence, and status transitions can easily be understood. ? graphical display of cpu use time the execution efficiency of the entire system can be grasped by displaying the cpu use status in a specified time range. ? processing time statistics the worst value, average value, etc., can be obtained by performing frequency calculations of the processing execution time for user programs. ? linked operation with debugger window it is possible to jump from the az850 window to windows displaying source text, disassemble text, and memory capacity, allowing easy identification of problems. the az850 provides the following two trace forms, allowing the selection of the best method for the debugging environment employed by the user. ? soft trace form a monitor function is provided on the target system, and az trace data is collected using a monitor program note . note the monitor program must be prepared according to the environment employed by the user. refer to section 4.1 soft trace form. ? hard trace form az trace data is collected using the trace function of an in-circuit emulator or simulator. note that, the soft trace form is not supported for function trace in the current az850. only hard trace is supported. moreover, the function trace function cannot be used with an nec in-circuit emulator and the id850. when using the function trace function, use the sm850 simulator.
chapter 1 outline user's manual u14410ej4v0um 15 1.3 system configuration the az850 expands the debugger functions by transmitting debugger and tip specification messages. various az850 system configurations are shown for the debugging environments that can be used. 1.3.1 when using debug monitor figure 1-1 system configuration diagram (when using debug monitor) host machine pc target system (with monitor) compiler real-time os az850 tip debugger communication caution one unused timer counter is required on the target system. 1.3.2 when using rom emulator figure 1-2 system configuration diagram (when using rom emulator) rom emulator az850 tip debugger caution one unused timer counter is required on the target system.
chapter 1 outline user's manual u14410ej4v0um 16 1.3.3 when using in-circuit emulator figure 1-3 system configuration diagram (when using in-circuit emulator) host machine (pc) target system in-circuit emulator compiler real-time os az850 tip debugger communication cautions 1. when using the az850 with the soft trace form, the az monitor must be linked to the load module. moreover, one unused timer counter is required on the target system. 2. currently, it is not possible to perform function trace with the az850 using an nec in-circuit emulator (ice) and the id850. task trace, however, can be performed. 1.3.4 when using simulator figure 1-4 system configuration example (when using simulator) host machine (pc) compiler real-time os az850 tip debugger communication caution when using the az850 with the soft trace form, the az monitor must be linked to the load module. moreover, one unused timer counter is required on the target system.
chapter 1 outline user's manual u14410ej4v0um 17 1.4 operating environment when using the az850, an environment in which a debugger can operate is required. (1) host machine pc-9821 series, pc98-nx series, or ibm-pc/at compatibles that support the following oss ? os: windows 98 second edition, windows me, windows nt tm 4.0 workstation, windows 2000 professional, windows xp professional ? screen size: 640 400 pixels or more (800 600 pixels or more recommended) (2) software ? c compiler package ca850 ver. 2.41: made by nec ccv850/ccv850e: made by green hills software tm , inc. caution function-level trace is supported only by the ca850. ? real-time os rx850 ver. 3.13 or later rx850 pro ver. 3.13 or later ? debugger tip debugger (3) rom emulator rom emulator that can be connected to tip debugger (4) in-circuit emulator in-circuit emulator that can be connected to tip debugger (5) simulator tip simulator
user's manual u14410ej4v0um 18 chapter 2 installation this chapter describes how to install and uninstall the az850. 2.1 installation procedure this section describes how to install the az850. once the az850 has been installed once, to install it again, it is necessary to uninstall it first. the supply medium for the az850 is one cd-rom each for the object release version and the source release version. ? installation directory: c:\nectools32 ? cd drive: q drive ? directory to which windows is to be installed: b: \windows the installation procedure is described below. <1> start windows. <2> insert the cd-rom in the cd drive (q drive). the setup program then starts automatically. if the setup program fails to start automatically, manually start it by starting explorer and double-clicking ?setup.exe? in the az850\disk1 folder in the q drive. perform installation in accordance with the messages displayed on the screen. <3> make sure that the files stored in the az850 supply media have been installed in the host machine by using windows explorer, etc. for details of each directory, refer to 2.2 directory configuration .
chapter 2 installation user's manual u14410ej4v0um 19 2.2 directory configuration this section describes the directory configuration of the files that have been read from the supply medium in the process of installing the az850. 2.2.1 nec compiler version figure 2-1 directory configuration (nec compiler version) installation directory default = ?nectools32? bin az850 execution format file (az850.exe) hlp online help lib850 r22 r26 r32 az monitor common part (for 22-register mode) file name: azcore.o az monitor common part (for 26-register mode) file name: azcore.o az monitor common part (for 32-register mode) file name: azcore.o smp850 az850 sample files for monitor program file name description azmon.lnk link directory for az monitor creation azmon.o az monitor (for rx850) azmon_p.o az monitor (for rx850 pro) azusr.s source program of user own coding block of az monitor mkmon.bat file for az monitor creation
chapter 2 installation user's manual u14410ej4v0um 20 2.2.2 ghs compiler version figure 2-2 directory configuration (ghs compiler version) installation directory default = ?nectools32? bin az850 execution format file (az850.exe) hlp online help lib850_ghs r22 r26 r32 az monitor common part (for 22-register mode) file name: azcore.o az monitor common part (for 26-register mode) file name: azcore.o az monitor common part (for 32-regiser mode) file name: azcore.o smp850_ghs az850 sample files for monitor program file name description azmon.lnk link directory for az monitor creation azmon.o az monitor (for rx850) azmon_p.o az monitor (for rx850 pro) azusr.s source program of user own coding block of az monitor mkmon.bat file to az monitor creation
chapter 2 installation user's manual u14410ej4v0um 21 2.3 uninstallation procedure this section describes how to uninstall components. <1> start windows. <2> activate ?add/remove application? (?add or remove programs? in the case of windows xp) in the control panel and select the item to be uninstalled (?nec az850 -- analyzer execution format?, etc.). then execute uninstallation.
user's manual u14410ej4v0um 22 chapter 3 operation method this chapter describes the operation method for the az850. 3.1 az850 operation procedure the basic operation method when using the az850 is described in sequence below. (1) start debugger start the debugger to be used. (2) start az850 start the az850. the main window appears. at this time, check if <> appears in the status display area. if <> is displayed, the connection with the debugger has been successfully performed. figure 3-1 az main window (a) tool bar (b) status bar (3) download load module download the load module prepared for the az850 to the debugger.
chapter 3 operation method user's manual u14410ej4v0um 23 (4) perform settings in az option dialog box open the dialog box and set the following options in that dialog box. to open the dialog box, click the button. (a) address mask specification area (b) real-time os selection area (c) trace form specification area (d) trace buffer type specification area (e) trace buffer area specification area (f) trace level specification area (a) address mask specification area (address mask) specify the upper limit value of the physical address space on the chip. for details, refer to chapter 6 window reference . (b) real-time os selection area (rtos select) to perform trace at the task level, select either the rx850 or the rx850 pro as the real-time os to be used.
chapter 3 operation method user's manual u14410ej4v0um 24 (c) trace form specification area (trace form) specify the trace form for az trace, either soft trace form <> or hard trace form <>. the default is hard trace form. however, if the debugger that is connected does not support the hard trace form, the default is the soft trace form. for details about the soft trace form and hard trace form, refer to sections 4.1 and 4.2. (d) trace buffer type specification area (sort form buffer type) to select the soft trace form, select either a fixed buffer <> or ring buffer <> as the buffer type to load trace data. ? if fixed buffer is selected when the trace buffer becomes full, trace collection stops. therefore, the trace data up to the location where the program execution was stopped is not necessarily loaded. ? if ring buffer is selected when the trace buffer becomes full, the trace data gets overwritten starting from the oldest data. (e) trace buffer region specification area (sort form buffer region) specify the <> and the <> of the trace buffer region. if the soft trace form has been selected, the trace data collected by the az850 is stored once in the target memory. thus, it is necessary to specify an unused area in the target memory. also, set the start address and end address so that the size of the area is in the range of 4 kb to 4 mb. (f) trace level specification area (trace level) if hard trace form has been selected, set the trace level for the az trace data to be collected. ? if only the task level ( task level ) has been selected the az trace data at the task level is collected. ? if only the function level ( func. level ) has been selected the az trace data at the function level is collected. ? if both the task and function levels have been selected both az trace data at the task level and az trace data at the function level are collected. however, in the case of the soft trace form, this setting is fixed to ?task level?.
chapter 3 operation method user's manual u14410ej4v0um 25 (5) select measurement target in the main window, select [option (p)], [select measurement target (m )], [function level (f )]. the dialog box for function level measurement target selection appears. in this dialog box, select the module to be measured. note that this setting is ignored in the case of task-level trace. (6) switch to az trace mode to enable the trace function of the az850, set ?az trace on?. (to do this, select [operation (o)], [az trace on (o)].) this setting allows the collection of trace data at the az task level or function level. caution the az trace on setting cannot be performed until downloading of the load module has been completed. (7) execute user program execute the user program on the debugger. the trace data for the az850 starts being collected in the trace buffer when execution of the user program begins. (8) stop user program stop the user program on the debugger. (if a breakpoint has been set, it is maintained until the break.) collection of trace data for the az850 stops at the same time that the user program is stopped. (9) upload trace data after stopping the application program, click the button on the tool bar in the main window to upload the collected trace data to the az850.
chapter 3 operation method user's manual u14410ej4v0um 26 (10) perform check using analyze window open the and check the collected az trace data with execution transition diagrams for individual tasks. (a) to display execution transition diagrams... from the menu bar in the , main window select [browse (b)], [execution transition (z )], [task level (t)], or click the button on the tool bar. (b) to check the operation of an object... check the operation of the specified object using the ?simple search button? displayed by clicking an object name. (c) to check the transition status of a task or interrupt... from the dialog box displayed from this window, search the switching point of a specific task, the location where an interrupt has occurred, or the location where a specific system call has occurred. the search result is displayed in the execution transition diagram. (d) to analyze the processing time for a task or interrupt... from the dialog box displayed from this window, perform search or analysis of the set pattern (specific processing). the search result is displayed in the execution transition diagram. the distribution status according to the set pattern processing time is displayed in the .
chapter 3 operation method user's manual u14410ej4v0um 27 (11) perform check using cpu window from the , check the cpu use status within the defined interval. (a) to display the cpu utilization rate set the up cursor and down cursor to define the interval for which the cpu utilization rate is to be measured in the execution transition diagram. the cpu utilization rate is measured during the interval indicated with the up cursor and down cursor. after setting the cursors, display the . to open this window, click the button. remark if the is active, moving the up cursor or the down cursor in the task level execution transition diagram causes automatic update of the cpu utilization rate.
chapter 3 operation method user's manual u14410ej4v0um 28 (12) perform check using pattern window from the , check the execution time distribution status of the specified pattern. (a) to display the pattern distribution... [display of any pattern] <1> in the , set the up cursor and down cursor to define the interval for which the pattern distribution status is to be tabulated. <2> from the menu bar in the , select [browse (b)], [patter distribution (p )], or click the button on the tool bar. <3> in the dialog box that is automatically displayed, click the ok button after setting the conditions for the pattern for which tabulation is to be performed. [display of pattern from cpu window] <1> in the , set the up cursor and down cursor to define the interval for which the pattern distribution status is to be tabulated. <2> from the menu bar in the , after selecting an object from the list, select [jump (j)], [pattern distribution (p)], or click the button on the tool bar. the pattern distribution displayed with this method consists of data tabulated in the specified object- processing interval (mode using switching of specified object as start point/end point). remark if the is active, moving the up cursor or the down cursor in the task level execution transition diagram causes automatic update of the pattern distribution contents.
chapter 3 operation method user's manual u14410ej4v0um 29 (13) perform check using trace view window from the , perform an even more detailed check of the collected az trace data. (a) to display az trace data... move the up temporary cursor that the desired position in the execution transition diagram. if the up temporary cursor is not displayed, the first trace data becomes the display start position. after setting the cursor, open the . remarks 1. if the is active, moving the up cursor in the task level execution transition diagram causes automatic update of the az trace data display start position. 2. when the soft trace form is used, the contents of the trace buffer are cleared by newly setting az trace on.
chapter 3 operation method user's manual u14410ej4v0um 30 (14) perform check using call graph window select [browse (b)], [call graph (g )] in the to open the . in this window, check the function call configuration. function search combo box scale change box call graph display area then continue debugging by repeating steps (6) to (14) as needed.
user's manual u14410ej4v0um 31 chapter 4 trace forms this chapter describes the two trace forms supported by the az850. the trace forms supported by the az850 are the soft trace form and the hard trace form. the soft trace form provides a monitor program on the target system, and performs trace linking programs that have a monitor function for user programs. the hard trace form uses a trace function with an in-circuit emulator or simulator, and enables tracing without any modification to user programs. the az850 is used by selecting one of these two trace forms according to the user?s debugging environment. table 4-1 relationship between trace form and debugging environment trace form debugging environment soft trace form hard trace form debugging monitor rom emulator in-circuit emulator simulator note that the soft trace form in the case of function tracing is not supported by the az850 at present. only the hard trace form is supported in this case. moreover, if the compiler is a ghs version compiler, the function trace form cannot be used. the soft trace form and the hard trace form are described in detail below.
chapter 4 trace forms user's manual u14410ej4v0um 32 4.1 soft trace form the soft trace form provides a monitor function on the target system, and collects az trace data using a monitor program. when the az850 is used with this method, the trace data is saved to the user memory area specified in the dialog box. the monitor program used in the soft trace form must be prepared according to the user?s environment. the procedure for preparing this monitor program is described below. the soft trace form supports only task-level trace and cannot be used for function-level trace. in other words, this method can be used only for applications that use the rx850 or rx850 pro . 4.1.1 monitor program (az monitor) creation flow when the az850 is used with the soft trace form, the az850 collects az trace data using a monitor program (az monitor). the time information that is required at this time is obtained by using the user?s target timer counter for the az850. in other words, a single timer counter dedicated to the az850 is used. as a result, the control block of this timer counter must be coded according to the target employed by the user (user own coding block) to complete the az monitor. the az monitor creation flow is as follows. <1> create the source for the user own coding block for the monitor (nec version: azusr.s, ghs version: azusr.850). <2> assemble the source prepared in <1> to create azusr.o. <3> link the object prepared in step <2> and the monitor common part to create the az monitor (azmon.o). azmon.o created in step <3> becomes the az monitor. the soft trace form can be realized by linking this object to the user program.
chapter 4 trace forms user's manual u14410ej4v0um 33 4.1.2 creating user own coding block the control block of the timer counter of the target that is used must be coded. a sample user own coding block is shown in the following directory. use it as reference when creating the user own coding block. ? when using nec?s ca850 nectools32 \ smp850 \ az850 \ azusr.s ? when using ghs?s ccv850/ccv850e nectools32 \ smp850_ghs \ az850 \ azusr.850 the sample is as follows. figure 4-1 user own coding block (azusr.s/azusr.850) sample .globl __azmon_maxcount .globl __azmon_countmode .globl __azmon_timepercount .globl __azmon_inittimer .globl __azmon_getcounter .text .align 4 __azmon_maxcount: .word maxcountvalue ?maximum timer count value .text .align 4 __azmon_countmode: .byte countmode ? timer count mode .text .align 4 __azmon_timepercount: .float timepercount ? time per count (unit: sec) .text .align 4 __azmon_inittimer: the-code-of- inittimer ? timer?s initialization processing code jmp [lp] .text .align 4 __azmon_getcounter: the-code-of-getcounter ? timer?s count value acquisition processing code jmp [lp]
chapter 4 trace forms user's manual u14410ej4v0um 34 the user own coding block data and function specifications are described below. figure 4-2 provides an example of the timer counter specifications. figure 4-2 timer counter operation example (in case of up counter) clear & start timer count start interval time tpc count value = n count value = 0
chapter 4 trace forms user's manual u14410ej4v0um 35 name type description __azmon_maxcount data specifies the maximum timer count value (n value in figure 4-1). data type: specified with 4-byte integer format (.word) __azmon_countmode data specifies timer count mode. data type: specified with 1-byte integer format (.byte) data setting value: 0x00 ? up counter 0x01 ? down counter __azmon_timepercount data specifies the time per count in microsecond units ( sec) (tpc value in figure 4- 1). data type: specified with 4-byte floating-point format (.float). __azmon_inittimer function specifies timer initialization processing. input register: ip ? return address output register: none destructible register: depends on c language calling restrictions. __azmon_getcounter function specifies timer counter value get processing. input register: ip ? return address output register: r10 ? counter value destructible registers: r1, r11 cautions 1. if the id.h instruction is used during timer counter value get processing (_ _azmon_getcounter), the r10 value gets expanded to 4 bytes. for this reason, it is necessary to mask this value using the andi instruction. example ld.h 0[r1], r10 andi 0xffff, r10, r10 2. the accuracy when performing display as az trace data depends on the _ _azmon_timepercount value (tpc value in figure 4-1). in the case of a timer counter that takes 1 s to count up 1 unit, the time unit displayed by the az850 is 1 s. 3. if the event interval for the collected az trace data is longer than the interval time of the timer counter, the correct time cannot be displayed.
chapter 4 trace forms user's manual u14410ej4v0um 36 4.1.3 creating az monitor after creating the user own coding block, complete the az monitor (azmon.o) using the method indicated below. the following commands must be input at the ms-dos prompt. (1) when using nec?s ca850 <1> assemble azusr.s to create azusr.o as850 -cpu cpu name ?cn -o azusr.o azusr.s remark input the name of the cpu that is used for the cpu name. for instance, in the case of the v853, this would be 3003. <2> link azusr.o and azcore.o to create azmon.o [when using rx850] ld850 ?r -d azmon.lnk ?o azmon.o ..\..\lib850\r**\azcore.o azusr.o remark r** is either r22, r26, or r32 . select r** according to the register mode that is used. [when using rx850 pro] ld850 ?r -d azmon.lnk ?o azmon.o ..\..\lib850\r32\azcore_p.o azusr.o it is also possible to create the az monitor by using mkmon.bat in the nectools32 \ smp850 \ az850 directory. however, it is necessary to modify the tool path in mkmon.bat according to the development environment that is used. (2) ghs?s ccv850/ccv850e <1> assemble azusr.850 to create azusr.o ccv850 ( or ccv850e) ?c ?o azusr.o azusr.850 <2> link azusr.o and azcore to create azmon.o [when using rx850] lx ?r ?o azmon.o ..\..\lib850\r**\azcore.o azusr.o remark r** is either r22, r26, or r32. select r** according to the register mode that is used. [when using rx850 pro] lx ?r ?o azmon.o ..\..\lib850\r32\azcore_p.o azusr.o it is also possible to create the az monitor by using mkmon.bat in the nectools32 \ smp850 \ az850 directory. however, it is necessary to modify the tool path in mkmon.bat according to the development environment that is used.
chapter 4 trace forms user's manual u14410ej4v0um 37 4.1.4 initializing az monitor the az monitor must be initialized before it is operated. initialization of the az monitor must be performed prior to starting up the rx850 or rx850 pro. it is recommended to perform initialization in the initialization handler ( ? init_handler() ? in the case of the rx850, and ? varfunc() ? ) in the case of the rx850 pro). the az initialization routine ? azlnit() ? is provided for initializing the az monitor. call azlnit() in init_handler() or varfunc(). azlnit() is a function without return value and argument. figure 4-3 shows an example of describing the initialization block of the az monitor. figure 4-3 az monitor initialization description example void init_handler() } /* * initialize az moniter */ azinit(); return; }
chapter 4 trace forms user's manual u14410ej4v0um 38 4.1.5 definition of az monitor sections in the case of soft trace, az monitor sections must be prepared. these sections must be defined in a link directive file (section map file). the section names for the az monitor are as follows. section name description placement attribute size .azmon_b az monitor work area bss 40 bytes .azmon_t az monitor text/data area text approx. 900 bytes an example of the link directive file (section map file) when these areas are defined is shown below. figure 4-4 example of description when using nec?s ca850 : text:!load?rw v0x00001000{ .text =$progbits ?aw .text; .azmon_t =$progbits ?aw .azmon_t; }; data:!load?rw v0x00100000{ .data =$progbits ?aw .data; .sdata =$progbits ?awg .sdata; .sbss =$nobits ?awg .sbss; .bss =$nobits ?aw .bss; .azmon_b =$nobits ?aw .azmon_b; }; : figure 4-5 example of description when using ghs?s ccv850/ccv850e : .text 0x00001000 : .azmon_t : .data 0x00010000 : .sdata : .sbss : .bss : .azmon_b : :
chapter 4 trace forms user's manual u14410ej4v0um 39 4.1.6 az monitor embedding method the az monitor embedding method is described below. az monitor ? azmon.o ? is linked according to objects obtained by compiling/assembling user programs, libraries required by rx850 or rx850 pro applications, and link directive file (section map file) defined in the az monitor section as described in section 4.1.2. when the rx850 is used, define ? trace information ? in the configuration file. for details about the configuration file, refer to rx850 instruction user?s manual (u13410e) .
chapter 4 trace forms user's manual u14410ej4v0um 40 4.2 hard trace form the hard trace form uses the trace function of an in-circuit emulator or simulator to collect az trace data. when the az850 is used with this method, the trace data is stored in the debugger?s trace buffer area. in the case of the hard trace form, tracing can be performed without adding monitor or other programs to the user application. the hard trace execution methods for task-level trace and function-level trace using the rx850 or rx850 pro are described below. 4.2.1 in case of task-level trace using rx850/rx850 pro when performing task-level trace with hard trace, it is not necessary to provide information for getting trace data in the application program, because az trace information is described in the nucleus of the rx850 and rx850 pro itself. it is not particularly necessary to perform linking of az trace objects when creating applications. however, when using the rx850, define ?trace information? in the configuration file. for details about the configuration file, refer to the rx850 instruction user?s manual (u13410e) . the following cautions must be observed. (1) regarding setting of events on debugger in the case of the hard trace form, the az850 uses the debugger?s trace conditions. thus, if many trace conditions are used on the debugger side, it may not be possible to perform az trace mode settings. the trace condition of the debugger used by the az850 is as follows. [trace condition] qualify trace condition (for write access): 1 (2) regarding time accuracy in the case of the hard trace form, the time accuracy is the same as the time accuracy for the time lag of trace data for the trace function on the debugger side. the az850 calculates the task execution time from the cpu?s system clock. therefore, if the system clock is set to the stop mode or the idle mode, time information is not guaranteed.
chapter 4 trace forms user's manual u14410ej4v0um 41 4.2.2 in case of function-level trace caution currently, function tracing with the az850 using nec?s in-circuit emulator (ice) and the id850 is not possible. if using the function trace function, use the sm850 simulator. in the case of function-level trace, it is necessary to provide information for getting trace data in the application program. if the application is written in c language, az trace information can be output by attaching the ?-g option? and the ?-xaz option? for nec?s ca850 c compiler. thus, it is not necessary to add descriptions to c source programs. however, the ccv850 and ccv850e c compilers made by ghs do not provide an az trace output option, so that it is not possible to perform function level tracing. if the application is described in assembly language, it is necessary to add the following descriptions to the program. ? specify ? .globl ? and ? .frame ? for labels indicating beginning of function ? describe ? .option az_info_j ? immediately before instructions performing system calls ? describe ? .option az_info_r ? immediately before instructions performing function return ? describe ? .option az_info_ri ? immediately before instructions ending interrupt processing figure 4-6 shows an example of description in assembly language.
chapter 4 trace forms user's manual u14410ej4v0um 42 figure 4-6 assembly language description example .globl _func, 4 ? function definition .frame _func, 4 _func: ? beginning of function : : .option az_info_j ? description addition jarl _funcl, lp ? function call processing : : mov #_func2, r11 mov #l1, lp .option az_info_j ? description addition jmp [r11] ? function call processing l1: : : .option az_info_j ? description addition jmp [lp] ? function return processing _intr: ? beginning of interrupt handler : : .option az_info_j ? description addition reti ? interrupt end processing when creating an application, it is not particularly necessary to link az trace objects. the following cautions about debugging must be observed. (1) memory mapping when using the v850e in-circuit emulator (ice) with nec ? s id850 debugger, function-level tracing can be performed only in the internal rom space. note that function-level tracing cannot be performed for programs mapped to external memory.
chapter 4 trace forms user's manual u14410ej4v0um 43 (2) number of set events on debugger in the case of the hard trace form, the az850 uses the trace conditions of the debugger. as a result, if many trace conditions are used on the debugger side, it may not be possible to set the az trace mode. the trace conditions and expanded trace conditions of the debugger used by the az850 are as follows. [trace conditions] qualify trace conditions (for write access): 3 [expanded trace conditions] when using nec ? s id850 debugger: use all tag memories when using nec ? s sm850 simulator: use all event memories (3) time accuracy in the case of the hard trace form, the time accuracy is the same as the time accuracy for the time lag of trace data for the trace function on the debugger side. the az850 calculates the task execution time from the cpu ? s system clock. therefore, if the system clock is set to the stop mode or the idle mode, time information is not guaranteed.
chapter 4 trace forms user's manual u14410ej4v0um 44 4.3 trace memory the memory area that is used for az trace and the trace memory clear timing are as follows. ? ? ? ? soft trace form [used memory area] set the trace memory area when initializing the az monitor. [trace memory clear] the contents of the trace memory are cleared by again setting ? az trace on ? after switching from ? az trace on ? to ? az trace off ? . (if the user program has been reexecuted without clearing the trace memory, the data following the trace data written the previous time is written to the trace memory, and when the trace memory becomes full, trace data collection stops.) ? ? ? ? hard trace form [used memory area] use the trace memory area of the debugger. [trace memory clear] the previously collected trace data is cleared every time the user program is executed.
user's manual u14410ej4v0um 45 chapter 5 trace data this chapter describes the az trace data detection locations and contents, and the contents that can be guaranteed when using the az850. 5.1 az trace data detection contents the locations that can be detected as az trace data and their contents are described below. (1) task level table 5-1 detectable contents in case of task trace detected location detected contents system call entry time execution system call name system call output address system call target object id system call exit time system call return value interrupt entry time interrupt source code interrupt occurrence address interrupt exit time task switch time id of task to which operation will shift (or idle status) task starter time task entry address however, the items listed below cannot be detected as az trace data. ? exceptions (trap instruction, cpu exceptions such as illegal instruction code) ? cyclic startup handler start and end ? system call (ext_tsk, exd_tsk, ret_int, ret_wup) output address
chapter 5 trace data user's manual u14410ej4v0um 46 (2) function trace table 5-2 detectable contents in case of function trace detected location detected contents function call time output address start address of call destination function function return time return address return address of call destination interrupt entry time interrupt occurrence address start address of interrupt handler interrupt exit time return address return address of interrupt handler i/o access time i/o address data access status (read/write) however, the items listed below cannot be detected as az trace data. ? interrupt occurrence addresses when an interrupt occurs ? return addresses upon reti instruction ? execution addresses upon i/o access
chapter 5 trace data user's manual u14410ej4v0um 47 5.2 debugging possible with az850 the types of debugging that are possible using the functions of the az850 are described below. for details about the operation method, refer to the window descriptions in chapter 6 window reference . (1) verification using the this window displays the collected az trace data using execution transition diagrams. verification/analysis of system errors and of the entire system can be performed from this window and the various windows that are displayed from it. ? checking the system call issue status in addition to execution transition diagrams showing the system flow with the name/interrupt name as the vertical axis, the system calls supplied by the real-time os are shown using various marks. furthermore, it is possible to select specific locations within az trace data by opening the window from any marked point. ? checking object operation the operation of specified objects (functions, tasks, interrupts, etc.) can be searched on execution transition diagrams. ? searching the occurrence location of specific events the ?certain event? set in the dialog box can be searched on execution transition diagrams. searching the switching location for particular tasks, locations where an interrupt has occurred, and locations where a particular system call has been issued can easily be done by using this function. ? jumping to debugger window from a given location the windows displaying source text/disassemble text/memory contents corresponding to tasks/interrupts specified with the up temporary cursor in the execution transition diagram can be opened on the debugger.
chapter 5 trace data user's manual u14410ej4v0um 48 (2) verification using the the pattern (particular processing) set with the dialog box is searched in the execution transition diagram and the distribution status of that pattern is displayed in this window. it is possible to obtain the worst execution time value and average execution time value for user program processing from this window. ? histogram display of function/task/interrupt processing time the tabulated results for the searched pattern are displayed in histogram form with the execution time interval as a parameter. ? search using function/task/interrupt processing time pattern locations where the execution time interval is maximum or minimum are searched in the processing time of the searched pattern and the results of this search are displayed in the execution transition diagram. this enables the easy search of locations where particular patterns are processed. (3) verification using the this window displays the cpu usage status in the time range specified in the execution transition diagram. from this window, it is possible to check the execution time of given tasks/interrupts and evaluate the performance of the target data from the idle time and interrupt time. ? check of execution time of given function/task/interrupt, or check of cpu usage percentage ? check of function/task execution time percentages within time interval for which data is collected ? check of system execution time percentages within time interval for which data is collected (4) verification using the this window displays in list form the collected az trace data contents. ? checking az trace data in addition to the processing time, execution addresses, and executed task/interrupt name, the system call issue status provided by the real-time os is displayed, enabling even finer debugging in task units. ? verification of function name/task name/event type/system call argument name it is possible to perform searches using conditions such as task name, interrupt name, event type, system call argument name, etc.
user's manual u14410ej4v0um 49 chapter 6 window reference this chapter describes in detail the functions of the windows and dialog boxes of the az850. 6.1 outline of windows and dialog boxes of az850 table 6-1 shows the windows and dialog boxes of the az850. table 6-1 list of windows and dialog boxes of az850 [common window] window/dialog box name description page az850 main window window for performing basic operations of the az850 p.53 az option dialog box trace form and trace level settings p.59 file select dialog box loading and saving of contents displayed in az850 windows to ?display file? p.62 [task-level window] window/dialog box name description page analyze window display of execution transition diagram of collected az trace data p.65 object select dialog box selection of shown objects and specification of sequence changes in execution transition diagram p.80 pattern search dialog box search condition settings in execution transition diagram and search using these conditions p.83 cpu window display of cpu usage status in time interval specified in execution transition diagram p.87 pattern set dialog box settings for patterns displayed in p.92 pattern window histogram display of the results summed up by execution time width of appearance ratio for specification pattern in execution transition diagram. p.96 trace view window list display of collected az trace data p.103 trace search dialog box setting of search conditions in and search under these conditions p.109
chapter 6 window reference user's manual u14410ej4v0um 50 [function-level window] window/dialog box name description page analyze window display of execution transition diagram of collected az trace data p.112 measurement select dialog box selection of object to be measured when az trace data is collected p.124 pattern search dialog box search condition settings in execution transition diagram and search using these conditions p.127 object select dialog box selection of shown objects and specification of sequence changes in execution transition diagram p.130 cpu window display of cpu usage status in time interval specified in execution transition diagram p.133 pattern set dialog box settings for patterns displayed in p.140 pattern window histogram display of the results summed up by execution time width of appearance ratio for specification pattern in execution transition diagram. p.143 trace view window list display of collected az trace data p.150 trace search dialog box setting of search conditions in and search under these conditions p.155 call graph window display of diagram indicating the relationship between caller functions and callee functions in a zone between the up cursor and down cursor on the execution transition diagram p.158 function search dialog box search of function/interrupt name in the p.163 function detail information dialog box display of detailed information on the parent function, source function, and child function displayed in the . p.165
chapter 6 window reference user's manual u14410ej4v0um 51 6.2 relationships among az850 windows and dialog boxes figure 6-1 shows the relationships among the windows and dialog boxes of the az850. figure 6-1 relationships among windows and dialog boxes of az850 ... window ... dialog box az main window az option dialog box analyze window (task level) analyze window (function level) file select dialog box <1> <2> object select dialog box pattern search dialog box cpu window file select dialog box pattern set dialog box pattern window file select dialog box pattern set dialog box trace view window file select dialog box trace search dialog box <1> pattern search dialog box object select dialog box cpu window file select dialog box pattern set dialog box pattern window file select dialog box pattern set dialog box trace view window file select dialog box trace search dialog box call graph window file select dialog box function search dialog box function detail information dialog box <2> measurement select dialog box
chapter 6 window reference user's manual u14410ej4v0um 52 6.3 description of windows and dialog boxes the windows and dialog boxes are described using the following format. window/dialog box name [task level/function level] [window/dialog box name] [outline] outlines the function of the window or dialog box, and describes how to open it. [window] shows a picture of the window or dialog box screen. [function] describes in detail the function of the window or dialog box. [function buttons] describes the operation of the buttons in the window or dialog box, detailing which item the button operation affects and what happens when the button is clicked. [menu bar] lists the menu items displayed when the described menu bar item is clicked, and the function of each of the items thus displayed. [caution] describe cautions applying to the operation of the window or dialog box. [error] describes the errors or the warnings that may occur when operating the window or dialog box.
chapter 6 window reference user's manual u14410ej4v0um 53 az main window [az850] [outline] this window, which opens automatically after the az850 is started up, is used to perform basic operations of the az850. when using the az850, start operations from this window. [window] figure 6-2 az main window (a) tool bar (b) status bar [function] this section describes the following item. (1) description of each area (1) description of each area (a) tool bar the tool bar consists of buttons used to execute menu items that are used relatively frequently. ? ? ? ? dialog box display button this button opens the dialog box. specify the desired options to be used when performing az trace in this dialog box. ? ? ? ? [az trace on/off] button this is a toggle button that enables/disables the az850 trace function. az trace data can be collected by setting ?az trace on?.
chapter 6 window reference user's manual u14410ej4v0um 54 cautions 1. to set ?az trace on?, the az850 must be in the following status. ? ? ? ? in case of soft trace both rtos and az monitor must have been downloaded ([rx+az loaded] displayed on status bar) ? ? ? ? in case of hard trace when both rtos and az monitor have been downloaded at the task level ([rx+az loaded] displayed on the status bar), when an application program including function information is loaded in the debugger ([fncinfo loaded] displayed on the status bar), or when rtos and an application program including function information have been loaded ([rx/fncinfo loaded] is displayed on the status bar) 2. when using the soft trace form, the trace memory contents are cleared by again setting ?az trace on? after switching from ?az trace on? to ?az trace off?. ? ? ? ? [upload] button clicking this button causes the trace data obtained by executing the user program to be uploaded and from the trace memory and converted to az trace data. cautions 1. when the is open, clicking this button causes the execution transition diagram to be updated to the latest az trace data. 2. this button cannot be selected if there is no trace data in the trace memory. ? ? ? ? display button this button is used to open the task-level . the execution transition diagrams of individual tasks can be checked from this window. ? ? ? ? display button this button is used to open the function-level . the execution transition diagram of individual functions can be checked from this window. (b) status bar this area displays the various statuses of the az850. ? ? ? ? connection status display area (1st from the left) indicates the status of connection with the debugger. connected: the az850 is connected to the debugger. not connected: the az850 is not connected to the debugger. ? ? ? ? load module status display area (2nd from the left) displays the load module status uploaded from the debugger. this area does not indicate whether the az850 is unconnected to the debugger.
chapter 6 window reference user's manual u14410ej4v0um 55 rx+az loaded status where both rtos and az monitor have been downloaded (in case of soft trace form) rx loaded status where rtos has been downloaded (in case of hard trace form) fncinfo loaded status where function information is loaded rx+az/fncinfo loaded status where rtos, az monitor, and all function information have been downloaded (in case of hard trace form) rx/fncinfo loaded status where both rtos information and function information have been downloaded (in case of hard trace) rx+az/fncinfo none status where only one or none of rtos information, az monitor, or function information has been downloaded (in case of hard trace form) rxfncinfo none status where either or none of rtos information and function information has been downloaded (in case of hard trace form) ? ? ? ? load module execution status display area (3rd from left) displays the user program execution status. this area does not show whether the az850 is unconnected to the debugger. running: status of user program being executed breaked: status of user program operation undergoing break ? ? ? ? trace mode status display area (4th from left) displays az trace on/off. this area does not display whether the az850 is unconnected to the debugger and whether load module download (download of required symbol information) has been completed. az trace on: status where az trace on has been set az trace off: status where az trace off has been set [menu bar] (1) [file (f)] menu file (f) option (p) operation (o) browse (b) window (w) help (h) exit (x) exit (x) terminates the az850.
chapter 6 window reference user's manual u14410ej4v0um 56 (2) [option (p)] menu file (f) option (p) operation (o) browse (b) window (w) help (h) tool bar (t) status bar (s) az options (z) ? ctrl+o select measurement target (m) ? function level (f) ? tool bar (t) specifies whether or not to display the tool bar on this window. the tool bar is displayed when this item is selected. status bar (s) specifies whether or not to display the status display area on this window. the status display area is displayed when this item is selected. az options (z) opens the dialog box. specify the options to be used when performing az trace in this dialog box. this item has the same operation as the button on the tool bar. select measurement target (m) displays a submenu for opening the dialog box. the following items are displayed as the submenu items. function level (f) opens the function-level dialog box. (3) [operation (o)] menu file (f) option (p) operation (o) browse (b) window (w) help (h) az trace on (o) ctrl+t az trace off (f) ctrl+t upload (u) ctrl+u az trace on (o) sets the az trace mode to ?az trace on?. when this item is selected, ?az trace on? is set and trace data is collected in the trace memory as the user program is executed. az trace off (f) sets the az trace mode to ?az trace off?. when this item is selected, ?az trace off? is set and trace data is not collected in the trace memory as the user program is executed. upload (u) uploads trace data. the trace data obtained by executing the user program is read from the trace memory and converted into az trace data. furthermore, if the is opened, clicking this button updates the execution transition diagram to the latest az trace data. this item has the same operation as the button on the tool bar.
chapter 6 window reference user's manual u14410ej4v0um 57 cautions 1. [az trace on] cannot be selected unless the az850 is in the following status. ? ? ? ? in case of soft trace status where both rtos and az monitor have been downloaded ([rx+az loaded] displayed on status bar) ? ? ? ? in case of hard trace when both rtos and az monitor have been downloaded at the task level ([rx+az loaded] displayed on the status bar), when an application program including function information is loaded in the debugger ([fncinfo loaded] displayed on the status bar), or when rtos and an application program including function information have been loaded ([rx/fncinfo loaded] is displayed on the status bar) 2. [az trace on] cannot be selected during user program execution. 3. [upload] cannot be selected when there is no trace data in the trace memory. (4) [browse (b)] menu file (f) option (p) operation (o) browse (b) window (w) help (h) analyze (z) ? task level (t) ? ctrl+a function level (f) ? ctrl+f analyze (z) displays a submenu for opening the . the following items are displayed as the submenu items. task level (t) opens the task level . this item has the same operation as the button on the tool bar. function level (f) opens the function level . this item has the same operation as the button on the tool bar. (5) [window (w)] menu file (f) option (p) operation (o) browse (b) window (w) help (h) close all windows (a) close all windows (a) closes all the windows and dialog boxes of the az850.
chapter 6 window reference user's manual u14410ej4v0um 58 (6) [help (h)] menu file (f) option (p) operation (o) browse (b) window (w) help (h) window help (w) f1 topic search (h) version information (a) window help (w) displays the help topics for this window. topic search (h) displays the help dialog box of the az850. version information (a) opens the dialog box of the az850. [caution] ? to set ?az trace on?, the az850 must be in the following status. ? in case of soft trace form status where both rtos and az monitor have been downloaded ([rx+az loaded] displayed on status bar). ? in case of hard trace form when both rtos and az monitor have been downloaded at the task level ([rx+az loaded] displayed on the status bar), when an application program including function information is loaded in the debugger ([fncinfo loaded] displayed on the status bar), or when rtos and an application program including function information have been loaded ([rx/fncinfo loaded] is displayed on the status bar) ?az trace on? cannot be set during user program execution. ? if using the az850 with the soft trace form, the contents of the trace memory are cleared by setting ?az trace on?. ? if using the hard trace form, the az850 sets trace conditions to the debugger. thus, if many trace conditions are used on the debugger side, it may not be possible to set ?az trace on?. (for details, refer to the manual of the debugger that is used). ? even if trace data is uploaded, the main window itself does not change. to see the trace data contents, it is necessary to open the after uploading the trace data. [error] ? when uploading data, the dialog box appears if there is no trace data in the trace memory. ? when switching the az trace mode, the dialog box appears upon occurrence of an error. ? if an error occurs during trace data uploading, the dialog box appears.
chapter 6 window reference user's manual u14410ej4v0um 59 az option dialog box [az option] [outline] this dialog box is used to specify the trace form for the az850, the target real-time os, the trace buffer type, the trace buffer area, and the trace level of the az trace data to be collected. this dialog box can be opened with one of the following operations. ? in the az main window, select [open (p)] from the menu bar, then [az options (z )]. ? in the az main window, click the button. ? press the alt + p , z keys in that order. ? press ctrl + o keys. [window] figure 6-3 az option dialog box (a) address mask specification area (b) real-time os selection area (c) trace form specification area (d) trace buffer type specification area (e) trace buffer area specification area (f) trace level specification area
chapter 6 window reference user's manual u14410ej4v0um 60 [function] this section describes (1) each area and (2) the trace forms specified in the dialog box. (1) description of each area (2) regarding trace from specified in the dialog box (1) description of each area (a) address mask specification area this area specifies the upper limit value of the physical address space on the chip. select the value according to the chip used as shown below. select 0x00ffffff for the v851, v852, v853, v854, v850/sa1, v850/sb1, and v850/sb2. select 0x03ffffff for the v850e/ms1. select 0x0fffffff for the v850e/ma1 and v850e/ia1. refer to the user?s manual of each chip for chips not described here. (b) real-time os selection area when performing trace at the task level, select the real-time os used by the load module downloaded on the debugger from the drop-down box. ? ? ? ? rx850 select this item to use the rx850. ? ? ? ? rx850 pro select this item to use the rx850 pro. (c) trace form specification area this area is used to specify the az850 trace form. select the environment to be used by selecting one of the option buttons. ? ? ? ? soft form (soft trace form) select this item to collect az trace data from the monitor program with a monitor function provided on the target system. ? ? ? ? hard form (default: hard trace form) select this item to collect az trace data using the trace function of an in-circuit emulator or simulator. (d) trace buffer type specification area this area is used to specify the type of trace buffer when specifying the soft trace form (soft form) as the trace form. select the environment to be used by selecting one of the option buttons. ? ? ? ? fixed buffer the trace buffer is a fixed buffer. when the trace buffer becomes full, trace collection ends. therefore, the trace data up to the location where the program execution was stopped is not necessarily collected. ? ? ? ? ring buffer the trace buffer is a ring buffer. when the trace buffer becomes full, the older trace data is overwritten.
chapter 6 window reference user's manual u14410ej4v0um 61 (e) trace buffer area specification area this area is used to specify the trace buffer area to be used with the soft trace form. specify the start address and end address in the respective text boxes. in the case of the soft trace form, the trace data collected by the az850 is stored for a while in the target memory. thus, an unused area in the target memory must be specified as the trace buffer area. the trace buffer area must be specified so that its size is between 4 kb and 4 mb. (f) trace level specification area this area is used to specify the trace level of the az trace data to be collected. ? when only task level is selected: collects az trace data of task level. ? when only func. level is selected: collects az trace data of function level. ? when both levels are selected: collects az trace data of task level and function level in mix. as the default level, task level is selected. if soft form is specified as the trace mode, only ? task level ? can be specified as the trace level. (2) regarding trace form specified in dialog box the az850 trace forms consist of the soft trace form and the hard trace form, and one of these must be specified. the default is the hard trace form. however, if the connected debugger does not support the hard trace form, the soft trace form becomes the default. [function buttons] operation target button function condition az850 operates with the specified physical address upper limit value, rtos type, trace form, trace buffer area, and trace level. ? closes this dialog box. ? opens an explanation window for this dialog box. [errors] ? when the ok button is clicked without selecting a trace level, the dialog box appears. ? if the address range specified during trace buffer area specification is incorrect, pressing the ok button causes the dialog box to appear.
chapter 6 window reference user's manual u14410ej4v0um 62 file select dialog box [open file] [outline] this dialog box is used to select files when loading or saving display files. this dialog box can be opened with one of the following operations. ? from the menu bar in each window, select [file (e)], then [open (o )]. ? from the menu bar in each window, select [file (f)], then [save as (a )]. ? in each window, click the button. ? in each window, click the button. ? in each window, press the alt + f , o keys in that order. ? in each window, press the alt + f , a keys in that order. [window] figure 6-4 file select dialog box (open)
chapter 6 window reference user's manual u14410ej4v0um 63 [function] this section describes the following items. (1) display file extensions and file format (2) display information reproduction (1) display file extensions and file format display files vary from window to window, and are differentiated by their extension. table 6-2 shows the default extension of display files corresponding to the various windows of the az850 and their file format. table 6-2 display file types and extensions display file type extension file format analyze window .az binary format cpu window .azc pattern window .azp trace view window .azt csv format (2) display information reproduction reproduction of display information by loading a display file differs as follows for each window. (a) in case of the display information is reproduced in the currently open . therefore, to hold the currently displayed execution transition diagram, first place the in the hold status, then open a new and load the display file. (b) in case of other windows a window in the hold status is newly opened and the display information is reproduced in this window. therefore, the display information of the currently displayed window is saved as is on the screen. [function buttons] operation target button function select file loads/saves selected display file. ? closes this dialog box. ? displays the help topics for this window.
chapter 6 window reference user's manual u14410ej4v0um 64 [error] ? if the file name format is not correct, an dialog box appears. ? if loading a file that does not exist is attempted, an dialog box appears. ? if saving data to a write-protected file is attempted, an dialog box appears. ? if saving data by specifying a file name that already exists is attempted, a message confirming whether it is ok to overwrite the existing file appears. ? if loading data that cannot be handled in the current window is attempted, an dialog box appears.
chapter 6 window reference user's manual u14410ej4v0um 65 analyze window [task level] [analyze window] [outline] the collected az trace data is displayed in execution transition diagrams for each task by executing the user program. system timing errors and overall system verification and analysis can be done for single tasks from this window and the various windows displayed from it. this window can be opened with one of the following operations. ? in the az main window, select [browse (b)] from the menu bar, then [analyze (z )] and [task level (t )]. ? in the az main window, click the button. ? press the alt + b , z , and t keys in that order. ? press the ctrl + a keys.
chapter 6 window reference user's manual u14410ej4v0um 66 [window] figure 6-5 analyze window (task level) (g) (h) (i) (a) (j) (c) (k) (e) (n) (l) (o) (f) (d) (b) (p) (m) (a) up cursor (b) down cursor (c) up temporary cursor (d) down temporary cursor (e) object (f) analysis result (transition diagram) display (g) time display of up cursor position (h) time display of down cursor position (i) inter-cursor time display (j) time display of up temporary cursor position (k) data length (l) jump to beginning button (m) jump to end button (n) scale modify button (o) simple search buttons (p) time area (q) pop-up display
chapter 6 window reference user's manual u14410ej4v0um 67 [function] this section describes the following items. (1) description of each area (2) execution transition diagram display method (3) object names (4) execution transition diagram viewing method (5) verification method in execution transition diagram (1) description of each area (a) up cursor this cursor is used to check the processing time in az trace data and to specify ranges when performing various calculations. (it is used to specify the beginning of the range for which a calculation is to be done.) [operation method] click on the desired start location in the transition diagram with the mouse while pressing the shift key. (b) down cursor this cursor is used to check the processing time in az trace data and to specify ranges when performing various calculations. (it is used to specify the end of the range for which a calculation is to be done.) [operation method] click on the desired end location in the transition diagram with the mouse while pressing the ctrl key. (c) up temporary cursor this cursor is used to display the result position during search using the simple search button or pattern search, and to specify the start position when jumping to the debugger window. to display search results using the , this cursor indicates the start position of the searched pattern. when the up cursor is moved, the up temporary cursor also moves to the same position. [operation method] click the right button of the mouse. (d) down temporary cursor when displaying the search result in the , this cursor shows the end position of the searched pattern. when the down cursor is moved, the down temporary cursor also moves to the same position. (e) object these buttons indicate objects in az trace data. they indicate rtos-related resources such as tasks, events, and flags, and mailboxes. for details about the object names, refer to section (3) object names below. when an object name is clicked, the simple search button appears. clicking the object name once more makes the simple search button disappear.
chapter 6 window reference user's manual u14410ej4v0um 68 (f) analysis result (transition diagram) display this area displays the analysis result for the user program. for details about the marks on the transition diagram, refer to section (4) execution transition diagram viewing method below. (g) time display of up cursor position this box displays the relative time from the start of az trace data collection until the up cursor position. the unit is milliseconds (msec). (h) time display of down cursor position this box displays the relative time from the start of az trace data collection until the down cursor position. the unit is milliseconds (msec). (i) inter-cursor time display this box displays the time interval between the up cursor and the down cursor. the unit is milliseconds (msec). (j) time display of up temporary cursor position this box displays the relative time from the start of az trace data collection until the up temporary cursor position. the unit is milliseconds (msec). (k) data length this box indicates the time interval from the start to the end of az trace data. (l) jump to beginning button this button is used to move the up cursor and display screen to the beginning of the az trace data. (m) jump to end button this button is used to move the down cursor and display screen to the end of the az trace data. (n) scale modify button this button is used to change the display scale for execution transition diagrams. any display scale can be selected using the pull-down menu or the spin buttons. (o) simple search buttons these buttons are used to search the operation of selected objects. when the button displayed upon clicking an object name is clicked, the object operation is searched in the time axis direction in the execution transition diagram, and the up temporary cursor moves to the search position. when the button is clicked, the operation of the object selected in the opposite direction as the time axis is searched and the up temporary cursor moves to the search position. (p) time area this area displays the standard event interval time displayed in the execution transition diagram. the unit is displayed at the right extremity of this area. in the example shown in figure 6-5, the unit is milliseconds (msec).
chapter 6 window reference user's manual u14410ej4v0um 69 (q) pop-up display the following contents pop up when the mouse pointer is placed on the event or object buttons in the . ? object button (in case of rx850) object name ? object button (in case of rx850 pro) object name (object id number) ? vertical line indicating task switch time at which a task is switched task name or interrupt name before switch task name or interrupt name after switch ? orange-colored horizontal line indicating system call the time from when a system call is issued to the end of the system call (the time taken for the system call) syscall (system call name) target object name (this may not be displayed depending on the system call) ? orange-colored horizontal line indicating interrupt the time from when an interrupt is generated to the end of the interrupt (the time taken for the interrupt) int (interrupt name) ? vertical line indicating access for object system call issuance time: the task name that generates an event syscall or sysret (system call name) target object name ? the mark indicating system call error system call end time return value (2) execution transition diagram display method the execution transition diagram for the collected az trace data can be displayed in this window by performing the following operation. [operation method] <1> collect the az trace data. <2> open this window. (select [browse (b)] from the menu bar in the az main window, then select [analyze (z)], [task level (t)], or click the button on the tool bar.) data is not automatically updated in this window. therefore, to display as an execution transition diagram trace data newly collected by re-executing the user program, perform upload (from the az main window, select [operation (o)], then [upload [u ], or click the button]).
chapter 6 window reference user's manual u14410ej4v0um 70 (3) object names the buttons that indicate objects are displayed as follows. ? ? ? ? rx850 objects rx850 objects are displayed using the symbol names specified with the rx850 configurator. the object name pops up when the mouse pointer is placed on the object button. however, idle tasks are displayed as follows. idle task items for which the task id is not known are displayed as follows as unknown tasks. the task id is unknown from program execution start to task switching when the program is executed in the middle of a task. task with unknown id long object name (xxxx: object name) ? ? ? ? rx850 pro objects a task is displayed with the function name specified by the user and the task id number. other object names are displayed with the resource type and the id number. however, the correspondence between the function name and the task id number may not be displayed correctly because the function name information is read from the target memory to which the rx850 pro system management table is allocated when upload processing is performed. the function name or object name pops up when the mouse pointer is placed on the object button. task (nnnn: task id no. (hexadecimal)) event flag (nnnn: event flag id no. (hexadecimal)) semaphore (nnnn: semaphore id no. (hexadecimal)) mailbox (nnnn: mailbox id no. (hexadecimal)) memory pool (nnnn: memory pool id no. (hexadecimal)) idle task task with unknown id the function name is displayed as follows when it is long. long function name (xxxx: object name and yyyy: task id number)
chapter 6 window reference user's manual u14410ej4v0um 71 ? ? ? ? interrupts interrupts are displayed with the interrupt handler name obtained from the debugger. however, if the interrupt handler name could not be obtained from the debugger, the following default names are displayed. maskable interrupt (nnnn: exception code (hexadecimal)) non-maskable interrupt ? ? ? ? other objects objects set in the ? hide objects ? area in the
